Slasher



y 1950 I A. E. SILCOX 2,515,902

' SLASHER Filed May 4, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y 1950 A. E. SILCOX 2,515,902

I SLASHER Filed May 4, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 18, 1950' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SLASHER Arthur E. silcox, Saugus, Mass.

Application May 4, 1948, Serial No. 25,018

4 Claims.

1 This invention relates to the large machines used in the textile industry to apply a sizing compound to,warp threads or yarns, then to dry them and wind them on a loom beam. The object of this treatment is to enablethe warp better to withstand the rubbing action to which it is subjected in a loom. These machines are customarily referred to as slashers, and they have been widely used for a great many years. One or the difllculties which often attends their use is the fact that the sized yarns are unevenly stretched or tensioned, those on some parts of the loom beam being under considerably higher tension and wound more tightly than are others. This fact frequently is the cause of trouble in the weaving operation because the unequal tension in the yarns tends to produce curling or wrinkling of the woven web. While this fact has long been known, the causes for it have been obscure and it has been regarded as a necessary evil. As to vided by the lease rods or split rods into secfundamentally inslashing, while others believe that it originates in the loom.

The present invention deals with the problem presented by the conditions Just described, and it aims to devise a thoroughly satisfactory solution for that problem. .1

The nature of the invention will be readily un-- derstood. from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. l is a plan view of that portion of a slasher at and adjacent to the delivery end;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, somewhat diagrammatic in character, of the delivery section of a slasher;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the delivery roll and those rolls immediately'cooperating with it; and

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a guide roll which, according to this invention, is included in the machine.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 2, one of the drying drums of they slasher is indicated at 2 and the web composed of the sized yarns issuing from the drying mechanism, with the strands lying side by side, is indicated at W. This web is guided in the customary manner over rolls 3 and 1 around which it runs immediately after leaving the drying chamber, or the drying drum, depending on whether the machine is of the hot-air type or the drum type, and the web is then ditions which finally pass through a comb 6 where the individual yarns are definitely separated from each other. They are then guided around a delivery roll I and wound up on the loom beam 8.

The delivery section of a slasher generally is made wide enough to handle a loom beam of the maximum length which the mill believes it will have occasion to use, and this length is usually considerably greater than the width of the drying drums or the drying chamber. Consequently, when a long beam is being used the web of yarn W will be much narrower where it passes over the guide roll 4 than it will be when it reaches the comb 6. This is well illustrated in Fig. 1 in which only relatively few of the strands of yarn composing the web W are shown, but it illustrates the fact that as the yarns leave the roll 4 they fan out laterally and occupy a much wider space at the delivery roll than they. do at the guide roll 4.

I have discovered that the tension difllculties above described and which are carried through into the woven goods is caused by this spreading out or fanning out of the ends between the guide roll 4 and the delivery roll 1. It will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 1 that those ends in the margins of the web W are considerably longer than are those in the middle portions of the web. These marginal yarns travel farther in reaching the beam and are stretched more than are those in the central portion of the web. Even when the machine is drawn in" carefully so that all of the yarns are under the same initial tension, it will be found laterthat the marginal strands are tighter than those in the middle section of the web, and when the loom beam is full there is often a noticeable difference in its diameter at the ends as compared to that at the middle of the beam, the latter being larger in diameter. This seems strange because the rolls which perform the winding and guiding operations are cylinders, and it would naturally be assumed that the winding rate must be the same at all pointsin the length of the loom beam. Apparently what happens is that the yarns which travel the farthest are stretched more and have a higher degree of tension in them than those yarns which travel a shorter distance. This theory seems to be borne out by the fact that in those situations where variations in tension in yarns on different sections of the same beam prove troublesome, the end sections of the full beam are firmer or harder than are the middle sections.

1 have found that this dimculty can be avoided by substituting a roll having a specially developed shape for the ordinary rear guide roll I O which cooperates with the delivery roll I. Usually both this roll and the corresponding rear guide roll H are cylinders, much smaller in diameter than the 5 delivery roll. The special roll l0, however, is made enough larger at its central portion than are the end portions to compensate for the increase in length of the extreme marginal yarns at the edges of the web as compared to those at the middle of the web. In other words, a minimum diameter suitable for operating purposes is determined for the end portions of this roll, and the circumference at the middle is made equal to the end circumference, plus the difference in yarn length just described. Between the middle and the ends of the rolls the diameter is graduated to produce the same mathematical relationship for successive equally spaced points in the length of the roll.

The effect of this change is to make the distance which each yarn travels in passing from the guide roll 4 to the delivery roll I approximately equal; or, to state the matter somewhat differently, the length of that portion of each yarn between its point of leaving the guide roll 4 and its point of initial contact with the delivery roll I is made approximately equal to the length of the corresponding portion of every other yarn in the web. At least these lengths are sufliciently equalized for all practical purposes. The effect is to equalize the tension on the yarns, to make them wind s0 evenly on the beam that a cylindrical yarn body is produced, and to avoid the variation which I find has existed heretofore between the yarns spaced widely apart in the width of the web. The actual use of the invention in practice has demonstrated that it produces the desired result.

This special roll l0 may be supported in brackets like that shown at l2 in Figs. 2 and 3 where it will be completely out of contact with the delivery roll I but its axis will be parallel with the axis of the latter roll.

Thus this relatively simple change in construction completely overcomes a difiiculw of long standing. While the yarns could be so guided by other devices to produce this result, I have found no construction as satisfactory as that here shown and described. Consequently, the invention is not limited to embodiment in the precise form shown.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim as new is:

1. In a slasher of the type including dryin mechanism, a delivery roll, means for supporting a beam to which the yarn is guided from said roll and on which it is wound, and a guide roll over which the yarn runs after leaving said drying means, the delivery roll being substantially longer than the width of the web of yarn where it leaves the heating mechanism so that the strands of yarn composing the web running over said guide roll fan out in width as they run from said guide roll to said delivery roll; a construction including means for guiding those yarns in the central portion of said web in paths sufllciently increased in length as to approximately equalize the lengths of those portions of all the yarns between said guide roll and the points at which they come into contact with the delivery roll.

2. In a slasher of the type including dryin mechanism, a delivery roll, means for supporting a beam to which the yarn is guided from said roll and on which it is wound, and a guide roll over which the yarn runs after leaving said drying in means, thedelivery roll being substantially longer than the width of the web of yarn where it leaves the heating mechanism so that the strands of yarn composing the web running over said guide roll fan out in width as they run from said guide roll to said delivery roll; a construction includin means for. guiding the yarns in paths such that the length of that portion of each yarn between its point Of leaving the guide roll and its point of initial contact with the delivery roll is made 0 approximately equal to the length Of the corresponding portion of every other yarn in the web.

3. In aslasher according to preceding claim 1, a construction in which said means for guiding the. yarns in said different paths includes,a special a guide roll immediately behind said delivery rolls and over which the yarns run immediately prior to coming in contact with the delivery roll, said special delivery roll being larger throughout its central portion than at its ends and tapering from 0 said central portion to said ends, whereby it produces said equalization of the lengths of the yarns between the guide roll and the delivery roll.

4. In a slasher according to preceding claim 1, a construction in which said means for guiding the yarns in said different paths includes a special guide roll immediately behind said delivery rolls and over which the yarns run immediately prior to coming in contact with the delivery roll, said special delivery roll being larger throughout 40 its central portion than at its ends and tapering from said central portion to said ends, whereby it produces said equalization of the lengths of the yarns between the guide roll and the delivery roll,

and means supporting said special guide roll with its axis in parallel relation to the axis of the delivery roll and with the special guide roll out of contact with the delivery roll.

' ARTHUR E. SILCOX.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in th flle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

